24 Common Metal Materials and Their Properties

1. 45# steel

Quality carbon structural carbon steel, the most commonly used medium carbon quenched and tempered steel.
Main Features: The most commonly used medium carbon quenched and tempered steel, Comprehensive mechanical properties of good, low hardenability, water quenched crack prone. Small parts should adopt quenching and tempering treatment, large parts should use normalizing treatment. Application example: Mainly used in the manufacture of high strength moving parts, such as turbine impeller, compressor piston. Shafts, gears, racks, worms, etc. The welding parts should be preheated before welding and annealed after welding.

2. Q235A (A3 steel)

The most commonly used structural carbon steel features: high plasticity, toughness and welding performance, cold stamping performance, as well as certain strength, good cold bending performance. Application examples: widely used in general requirements of the parts and welding structure. If the force is not big tie rod, connecting rod, pin, shaft, screw, nut, ring, bracket, base, building structure, bridge, etc.

3. 40Cr

One of the most widely used steel, is an alloy structural steel Main features: after quenching and tempering treatment, It has good comprehensive mechanical properties, low temperature impact toughness and low notch sensitivity, good hardenability, high fatigue strength can be obtained when oil is cold, and complicated shape parts are easy to produce cracks when water is cooled, and cold bending plasticity is moderate. After tempering or quenching and tempering, the machinability is good, but the weldability is not good, easy to produce cracks, before welding should be preheated to 100 ~ 150 °C, generally used in the quenched and tempered state, but also for carbonitriding and high-frequency surface quenching treatment.
Examples of application: After quenching and tempering, it is used to manufacture parts with medium speed and medium load, such as gears, shafts, worms, spline shafts, thimbles, etc. After quenching and tempering, it can be used to manufacture parts with high hardness and wear resistance, such as gear, shaft, spindle, crankshaft, mandrel, sleeve, pin, connecting rod, screw nut, intake valve, etc. After quenching and tempering at medium temperature, it is used to manufacture heavy load and medium speed impact parts, such as oil pump rotor, slider, gear, spindle, ring, etc. After quenching and low temperature tempering, it is used to manufacture heavy duty, low impact, wear-resistant parts, such as worm, spindle, shaft, ring, etc. Carbonitriding place is then manufactured larger size, low temperature impact toughness higher transmission parts, such as shaft, gear, etc.

4. HT150

Gray cast iron application examples: gear box, machine bed, box, hydraulic cylinder, pump body, valve body, flywheel, cylinder head, wheel, bearing cover, etc.

5. 35# steel

The main features of common materials of standard parts and fasteners are: proper strength, good plasticity, high cold plasticity and acceptable weldability. It can be used for local upsetting and wire drawing in cold state. Low hardenability, after normalizing or quenching and tempering application example: suitable for manufacturing small section parts, can bear large load parts: such as crankshaft, lever, connecting rod, hook and loop, all kinds of standard parts, fasteners.

6. 65Mn

Commonly used spring steel applications for example: a variety of small size flat, round spring, cushion spring, spring spring spring, can also be made spring ring, valve spring, clutch spring, brake spring, cold coil spring, clip spring and so on.

7. 0Cr18Ni9

The most commonly used stainless steel (the United States Steel 304, Japan Steel SUS304) characteristics and applications: as the most widely used stainless heat resistant steel, such as food equipment, general chemical equipment, the original energy industrial equipment.

8. Cr12

Commonly used cold work die steel (American steel D3, Japanese steel SKD1) characteristics and applications: Cr12 steel is a kind of widely used cold working die steel, belongs to high carbon high chromium type ledeburite steel. The steel has good hardenability and wear resistance. Because the carbon content of Cr12 steel is as high as 2.3%, the impact toughness is poor, easy to crack, and easy to form heterogeneous eutectic carbide. Cr12 steel due to its good wear resistance, More for the manufacture of small impact load requirements of high wear-resistant cold die, punch, blanking die, cold upsetting, cold extruding die of the punch and flat die, drill sleeve, gauge, wire drawing die, stamping die, thread rolling plate, drawing die and powder metallurgy with cold die.

9. DC53

Commonly used Japanese imports of cold work die steel characteristics and applications: high strength and toughness of cold working die steel, Japan Datong special steel (plant) factory steel. After high temperature tempering, it has high hardness, high toughness and good wire cutting. Used for precision cold stamping dies, drawing dies, wire rolling dies, cold stamping die, punch, etc.

10. DCCr12MoV

The carbon content of wear-resistant chromium steel is lower than that of Cr12 steel, and the addition of Mo and V can improve the unevenness of carbides. This steel has a high hardenability and can be completely quenched in sections below 400mm, It can keep good hardness and wear resistance at 300 ~ 400 °C, and has higher toughness than Cr12. The volume change is small during quenching, and it has high wear resistance and good comprehensive mechanical properties. So it is possible to manufacture large sections and complex shapes, It can be used for various dies such as ordinary drawing die, punching die, die, blanking die, trimming die, flanging die, wire drawing dies, cold extruding die, cold cutting scissors, circular saw, standard tools, measuring tools, etc.

11. SKD11

Ductile chromium steel produced in Hitachi, Japan. The casting structure of the steel was improved and the grain was refined. Compared with Cr12mov, the toughness and wear resistance are improved, and the service life of the die is prolonged.

12. D2

High carbon high chromium cold work steel made in the United States, with high hardenability, hardening, wear resistance, high temperature oxidation resistance, Good corrosion resistance after quenching and polishing, small deformation after heat treatment, suitable for the manufacture of various requirements of high precision, long life cold die, tools and measuring tools, such as drawing die, cold extruding die, cold-cutting knife, etc.

13. SKD11(SLD)

Non – deformation ductile high chromium steel produced by hitachi in Japan. The casting structure in the steel is improved due to the increased MO, V contents, The grain size is refined and the morphology of carbides is improved. Therefore, the strength and toughness (bending strength, deflection, impact toughness, etc.) of this steel are higher than those of SKD1 and D2, and the wear resistance is also increased. And has higher tempering resistance. The practice proves that the service life of this steel die is higher than that of Cr12mov. The die with high requirements is often made, such as the drawing die, the die of impact grinding wheel slice, etc.

14. DC53

High toughness and high chromium steel produced in Datong, Japan. Heat treatment hardness is higher than SKD11, high temperature (520-530) after tempering up to 62-63 HRC high hardness, in strength and wear resistance DC53 than SKD 11. Toughness is twice the SKD11, DC53 toughness in cold work die manufacturing rarely crack and crack, greatly improving the service life. The residual stress was reduced by high temperature. Because WEDM cracks and deformation are suppressed, cutting and abrasive than SKD11, used for precision stamping dies, cold forging, deep drawing dies, etc.

15. SKH-9

Wear resistance, toughness large general purpose high-speed steel Hitachi Chutype production. Used in cold forging dies, strip cutters, drills, reamers, punches, etc.

16. ASP-23

Powder metallurgy high speed steel made in Sweden. Carbide distribution is very uniform, wear resistance, high toughness, easy processing, heat treatment dimensional stability. Used for punch, deep drawing dies, drilling dies, milling cutters and shearing blades, etc.

17. P20

General requirements of the size of the plastic mold made in the United States. Can be electric erosion operation, factory state pre-hardened HB270-300. Hardening hardness HRC52.

18. 718 steel

High demand size plastic molds made in Sweden. In particular, electric erosion operation, factory state pre-hard HB290-330, hardening hardness HRC52.

19. Nak80

High mirror surface, high precision plastic mould, Datong, Japan. Factory pre-hard HB370-400, quenched hardness HRC52.

20. S136

Anti-corrosion and mirror polished plastic mould made in Sweden. Pre-hardened HB < 215, hardening hardness HRC52.

21. H13

Commonly used die casting die for aluminum, zinc, magnesium and alloy die casting. Hot stamping die, aluminum extrusion die.

22. SKD61

Advanced die-casting die made by Hitachi, Japan. It is made by electric ballast redissolving technology. Its service life is obviously improved than H13. Hot stamping die, aluminum extrusion die.

23. 8407 steel

Advanced die casting mould made in Sweden. Hot stamping die, aluminum extrusion die.

24. FDAC

Added sulfur to strengthen its easy to cut factory pre-hard hardness 338-42HRC, can be directly carved processing, without quenching, tempering treatment. Used for small batch mould, simple mould, various resin products, sliding parts. Short delivery mould parts, zipper mould, glasses frame mould.